MuDubai mafuta-akapfuma UAE inoona chitsva chemagetsi emarasha

DUBAI, United Arab Emirates: Chishamiso chitsva chiri kusimuka kumaodzanyemba kweDubai pakatarisana nekumashure kwePersian Gulf mabhichi, asi haisi imwe skyscraper yekushongedza iyo futuristic sheikhdom. Pane kudaro, ndeimwe yemanyuko ekare ekare erudzi rwevanhu inowana nzvimbo yayo pachayo paArabia Peninsula ine mafuta - gwenya rinobatidzwa nemarasha.

Kuvakwa kweiyo $3.4 bhiriyoni Hassyan chirimwa muDubai kunoratidzika kunetsa, sezvo United Arab Emirates ine muzinda weInternational Renewable Energy Agency. Iri kuvakawo peninsula yekutanga nyukireya gwenya uye nekusingaperi inosimudzira yakakura-solar-simba chirimwa chakatumidzwa zita remutongi weDubai. Dubai yakaisawo chinangwa chakakwirira chekuve nepasi rose kabhoni tsoka pasi rose panosvika 2050 - chimwe chinhu chaizokanganiswa nekupisa marasha. 

Kuuya kwegwenya remarasha kunouya apo nyika dzeGulf Arab dziri kuramba dziri pakati penyika dzine nzara yesimba zvakanyanya pasi rose uye pakati pekunetsana mune zvematongerwo enyika pamusoro pekushandiswa kwegasi rechisikigo rinotengwa kubva kunze kwenyika, kushushikana kuri kutsigirwa nekunetsana kwatora makore akawanda nevagadziri vegasi reQatar, iro rakarambwa nenyika ina dzechiArab, kusanganisira UAE. "Dubai yanga ichiti isu takanyanya kufumurwa pamusoro pekutenga gasi kunze kwenyika, izvo zvinogona kuvhiringwa nemhando dzese dzezvinhu, mutengo wakakwira zvakanyanya uye saka isu tinofanirwa kuita chimwe chinhu kusiyanisa mafuta edu uye kudzikisa mutengo wakazara," akadaro Robin Mills, CEO weQamar Energy, kambani yeDubai inobvunza mazano. "Vakawana mukana wekukwikwidza pachirimwa chemarasha ... uye saka sarudzo yakaitwa."

“Kudai vakanga vachiita chisarudzo nhasi, vaizoita chisarudzo chimwe chetecho here?” Zvimwe kwete, kutaura chokwadi,” Mills akadaro. "Asi kana yangozvipira uye kana yave pasi pemugwagwa, ivo vaifanira kuzviona." Iyo Dubai Electricity neMvura Chiremera, iyo sheikhdom's state-run utility, haina kupindura kune Associated Press zvikumbiro kuti vataure.

Dubai, imwe nguva yaimbova pearling port, yakatanga kuve nekambani yemagetsi emagetsi muna 1961, mamwe makore gumi isati yabatana nevamwe kuumba United Arab Emirates. Munguva kubva ipapo, Dubai yakaona kukurumidza kukura, yakakurudzirwa muchikamu nekubvumira vatorwa kutenga zvivakwa zvavo. Zvivakwa zvedenga zvakasimuka, zvichikwira mudenga munguva pfupi yakazadzwa nendege yehurumende-yehurumende inotakura marefu-refu ekutakura Emirates. Mahombe makuru akakwezva vashanyi, kusanganisira imwe ine yayo ski slope.

Zvese izvi zvinoshamisa - pamwe nezvirimwa zvekubvisa munyu mvura inodiwa kusvibira madonhwe ayo erenje uye mamiriro emhepo mukati mayo - inopa simba reDubai rekudya magetsi. Muna 2012, Dubai yakagadzira 36,297 gigawatt maawa emagetsi, zvichienderana nemagetsi nemvura. Muna 2019, iyo nhamba yakakwira neanopfuura zviuru gumi gigawatt maawa kusvika 10,000 - simba rakawanda kudarika nyika yese yeBulgaria inogadzira. Iro isimba rakawanda sezvo gigawati imwe inogona kugonesa dzimba dzinosvika mazana matatu ezviuru kuMadokero.

Chikumbiro ichi chakafanana kumatunhu ese eGulf Cooperation Council, ayo anosanganisira Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia neUAE. Kudiwa kwemagetsi munyika dzese dzeGCC "kunonzi kuri pakati pepamusoro-soro pasi rose," sekureva kwaMambo Abdullah Petroleum Studies uye Research Center wekuSaudi Arabia.

Kwemakore muDubai, ingangoita 100% yesimba rose rakabva kugasi rechisikigo. Nepo iyo nyowani Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Park yakapa inopfuura 3% yezvinodiwa gore rapfuura, ichiri kusiya guta-nyika richitsamira pagasi - yakawanda kubva kuQatar. Muna Kukadzi, UAE yakazivisa kuwana gasi rechisikigo munda une 2.27 trillion cubic metres, kana 80 matiriyoni akajairwa cubic tsoka, yegasi pakati peAbu Dhabi neDubai, kunyangwe izvo zvisati zvatanga kugadzira zvekutengesa. Iyo Emirates 'itsva yemagetsi enyukireya inoramba iri makore kumashure kwehurongwa.

Pinda muchirimwa chemarasha. Chigadzirwa chemagetsi cheHassyan chiri kuvakwa muchikamu neChina, icho chinotsanangura chirimwa ichi se "chikuru cheinjiniya chirongwa cheBelt uye Road Initiative," chirongwa chinoda kuwedzera simba rayo muAfrica neAsia. China inotarisira kuti chirimwa, icho chine General Electric Co. inobatanidzwa mukuvaka kwayo, ichasangana ne20% yemagetsi eDubai.

Asi kuvakwa kwayo kunouya sezvo nyika iri kudziya, zvakanyanya nekuda kwekukwira kwecarbon dioxide nemamwe magasi egreenhouse mumhepo, zvichienderana neruzhinji rwezvidzidzo zvakaongororwa nevezera, masangano esainzi uye masayendisiti emamiriro ekunze. Kusvika kure, kuwanda kwekuwedzera kwekushisa kunokonzerwa nebasa revanhu, rinosanganisira kupisa marasha, mafuta uye gasi rechisikigo. Kudziya ikoko kunoita kuti mamiriro okunze awedzere, akadai semadutu ane simba.

China inoti chirimwa cheHassyan chine michina yemhando yepamusoro-tekinoroji yekumisa kuburitsa kwayo, asi carbon dioxide ichiri kuburitswa. Kushandiswa kwemarasha kwakadzikira kuMadokero pamusoro pekunetseka kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuratidzira kweveruzhinji. Asi muDubai, sheikhdom inotongwa nenhaka uko Sheikh Mohammed anoshandisa simba rakakwana, chirimwa chemarasha chakakurumidza kubvumidzwa. Panguva yakatenderwa Hassyan, "marasha aitaridzika akachipa kupfuura mamwe masosi esimba," akadaro Aisha al-Sarihi, mubatsiri wekutsvagisa paKing Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center. "Iye zvino zvinogonekazve zvakachipa kupfuura marasha pachawo."

Al-Sarihi anoyambira kuti mitengo mitsva inogona kukwira zvakare. Marasha eDubai anozoda kutengwa kunze kwenyika, pamwe kubva kuAustralia kana Indonesia. Inokwanisika mitero yekabhoni inogona kuiswa pamarasha, ichisundira pasi kudiwa kwekuti ivo vaone kushoma kwaro kucherwa - kuwedzera kukwidza mitengo. China neIndia ndidzo dzinoramba dziri pamusoro pevatengi vemarasha pasi rose.

Asi parizvino, Paris-based International Energy Agency inofanotaura kuderera kwe8% mukudiwa kwemarasha pasi rose gore rino, kudonha kukuru kubva Hondo Yenyika II, sezvo kudiwa kwemagetsi kwadzikira nekuda kwekuderera kwehupfumi kwakakonzerwa nedenda re coronavirus. "Kushandiswa kwemarasha mukugadzira magetsi kunosvinwa nekabhoni kabhoni, kusanganisira hydro, mhepo, solar uye simba renyukireya, izvo zvave kushomeka nedambudziko reCCIDID-19," IEA yakadaro. (AP)

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